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Probability of tossing a coin | AIME I, 2009 | Question 3

Try this beautiful problem from American Invitational Mathematics Examination I, AIME I, 2009 based on Probability of tossing a coin.

Probability of tossing a coin – AIME I, 2009 Question 3

A coin that comes up heads with probability p>0and tails with probability (1-p)>0 independently on each flip is flipped eight times. Suppose the probability of three heads and five tails is equal to \(\frac{1}{25}\) the probability of five heads and three tails. Let p=\(\frac{m}{n}\) where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+n.

  • 10
  • 20
  • 30
  • 11

Key Concepts

Probability

Theory of equations

Polynomials

Check the Answer

Answer: 11.

AIME, 2009

Course in Probability Theory by Kai Lai Chung .

Try with Hints

here \(\frac{8!}{3!5!}p^{3}(1-p)^{5}\)=\(\frac{1}{25}\frac{8!}{5!3!}p^{5}(1-p)^{3}\)

then \((1-p)^{2}\)=\(\frac{1}{25}p^{2}\) then 1-p=\(\frac{1}{5}p\)

then p=\(\frac{5}{6}\) then m+n=11

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AIME I Algebra Combinatorics Math Olympiad Math Olympiad Videos USA Math Olympiad

Combinations | AIME I, 2009 |Problem 9

Try this problem from American Invitational Mathematics Examination, AIME, 2019 based on Combinations

Combinations- AIME, 2009

A game show offers a contestant three prizes A B and C each of which is worth a whole number of dollars from $1 to $9999 inclusive. The contestant wins the prizes by correctly guessing the price of each prize in the order A B and C. As a hint the digits of three prizes are given. On a particular day the digits given were 1,1,1,1,3,3,3. Find the total number of possible guesses for all three prizes consistent with the hint.

  • 110
  • 420
  • 430
  • 111

Key Concepts

Combinations

Theory of equations

Polynomials

Check the Answer

Answer: 420.

AIME I, 2009, Problem 9

Combinatorics by Brualdi .

Try with Hints

Number of possible ordering of seven digits is$\frac{7!}{4!3!}$=35

these 35 orderings correspond to 35 seven-digit numbers, and the digits of each number can be subdivided to represent a unique combination of guesses for A B and C. Thus, for a given ordering, the number of guesses it represents is the number of ways to subdivide the seven-digit number into three nonempty sequences, each with no more than four digits. These subdivisions have possible lengths 1/2/4,2/2/3,1/3/3, and their permutations. The first subdivision can be ordered in 6 ways and the second and third in three ways each, for a total of 12 possible subdivisions.

then total number of guesses is 35.12=420

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AIME I Complex Numbers Math Olympiad Math Olympiad Videos USA Math Olympiad

Complex Numbers | AIME I, 2009 | Problem 2

Try this beautiful problem from AIME, 2009 based on complex numbers.

Complex Numbers – AIME, 2009

There is a complex number z with imaginary part 164 and a positive integer n such that $\frac{z}{z+n}=4i$, Find n.

  • 101
  • 201
  • 301
  • 697

Key Concepts

Complex Numbers

Theory of equations

Polynomials

Check the Answer

Answer: 697.

AIME, 2009, Problem 2

Complex Numbers from A to Z by Titu Andreescue .

Try with Hints

Taking z=a+bi

then a+bi=(z+n)4i=-4b+4i(a+n),gives a=-4b b=4(a+n)=4(n-4b)

then n=$\frac{b}{4}+4b=\frac{164}{4}+4.164=697$

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